2014年ACCA考试F103复习笔记：通货膨胀及其后果
2014年ACCA考试中的重点内容，为了帮助大家全面复习ACCA考试，我们考吧kao8.cc特为考生们整理了以下辅导知识，希望考生们能够喜欢。
5.1 inflation 通货膨胀
Inflation is the name given to an increase in price levels generally. It is also manifest in the decline in the purchasing power of money.
通货膨胀的名字是考虑到增加的价格水平一般。它还表现在货币购买力的持续下跌。
5.2 why is inflation a problem?
为什么通货膨胀的问题
5.3 redistribution of income and wealth
收入财富的再分配
Real value 真正的价值
5.2.2 balance of payments effects
国际收支平衡的影响
5.2.3 uncertainty of the value of money and prices
钱的价值的不确定性
5.2.4 resource costs of changing prices
资源成本的价格变动
5.2.5 economic growth and investment
投资与经济增长
5.3 consumer price indices
消费者价格指数
5.3.1 the RPI and the CPI
零售价指数和消费者物价值指数
Retail prices index(RPI)
零售价指数
Consumer prices index(CPI)
消费者物价指数
5.3.2 the underlying rate of inflation
潜在通货膨胀
The term underlying rate of inflation is usually used to refer to the RPI adjusted to exclude mortgage costs and sometimes other elements as well (such as the lacal council tax).
长期潜在通胀率通常是指零售物价指数调整排除抵押贷款成本及一些其它的元素以及(如地方议会税)。
RPIX is the underlying rate of inflation measured as the increase in the RPI excluding mortgage interest payments. Another measure,called RPIY,goes further and excludes the effects of sales tax(VAT).rpix是潜在通胀率作为衡量增加指标不包括抵押贷款利息支付。另一个措施，称为rpiy，进一步排除影响销售税(增值税)
5.4 causes of inflation通货膨胀的原因
demand pull factors需求拉动因素
cost push factors成本推动因素
import cost factors进口成本因素
expectations期望
excessive growth in the money supply过度增长的货币供应
5.4.1 demand pull inflation
需求拉动的通货膨胀
demand pull inflation arises from an excess of aggregate demand over the productive capacity capacity of the economy需求拉动通货膨胀产生过量的总需求将超过生产能力的经济
demand pull inflation occurs when the economy is buoyant and there is a high aggregate demand ,in excess of the economy’s ability to supply . 需求拉动通货膨胀发生时，经济活跃，有很高的需求，在过剩经济的供应能力
5.4.2 cost push inflation成本推动的通货膨胀
Cost push inflation arises from increases in the costs of production成本推动的通货膨胀产生增加生产成本
Cost push inflation :inflation resulting from an increase in the costs of production of goods and services, Eg through escalating prices of imported raw materials or from wage increases. 成本推动通货膨胀：通胀造成生产成本的增加商品和服务，例如通过不断升级的进口原材料价格或工资的增加
5.4.3 impact cost factors成本因素的影响
impact cost push inflation occurs when the cost of essential imports rise regardless of whether or not they are in short supply影响成本推动通货膨胀发生时必不可少的进口成本上升，不管他们是否是供不应求
5.4.4 expectations and inflation预期与通货膨胀
Wage-price spiral物价螺旋上升
5.4.5 money supply growth
货币供应量增加
Symptom症状
流入失业下岗的裁员
c:voluntary quitting from a job自愿退出工作
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